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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...

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Mapping Absolute DNA Density in Cell Nuclei using Single-molecule Localization Microscopy
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Los componentes de los poros nucleares unidos a la cromatina regulan la expresión génica en los eucariotas

Maya Capelson1, Yun Liang, Roberta Schulte

  • 1Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Cell
|February 11, 2010
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las proteínas del complejo de poros nucleares Sec13 y Nup98 regulan la expresión génica en las moscas de la fruta. Knockdown inhibe la transcripción y reactivación de genes, destacando su papel en los programas de genes multicelulares.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • Genética La genética.
  • Biología celular Biología celular.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Se sabe que los complejos de poros nucleares (NPC) influyen en la activación de genes.
  • El papel de los NPC en la regulación de la transcripción de metazoos no se entiende completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la participación de nucleoporinas específicas en la regulación genética de los metazoos.
  • Para determinar el significado funcional de los componentes de NPC en la transcripción.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de unión de todo el genoma de las nucleoporinas Sec13, Nup98, Nup88 y las nucleoporinas de repetición FG en Drosophila.
  • El derribo mediado por la interferencia de ARN (RNAi) de Sec13 y Nup98.8.
  • Evaluación de la transcripción genética y la reactivación después de un choque térmico.

Principales resultados:

  • Sec13, Nup98 y las nucleoporinas de repetición FG se unen a distintos loci genómicos, a menudo no en la envoltura nuclear.
  • Nup88 se localiza en los loci silenciosos, mientras que Sec13, Nup98 y algunas nucleoporinas de repetición FG se asocian con genes transcripcionalmente activos.
  • La desactivación de los intranucleares Sec13 y Nup98 inhibe la transcripción del gen objetivo y evita la reactivación después del choque térmico.

Conclusiones:

  • Las nucleoporinas intranucleares Sec13 y Nup98 son esenciales para regular los programas de expresión génica en organismos multicelulares.
  • Los componentes de NPC juegan un papel crítico más allá del transporte nuclear, influyendo en la dinámica compleja de la expresión génica.