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Las mediciones directas de masa por encima del uranio cierran la brecha con la isla de estabilidad
M Block1, D Ackermann, K Blaum
1GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany. m.block@gsi.de
Nature
|February 12, 2010
Resumen
La medición directa de la masa de elementos superpesados como el Nobelium (No) proporciona datos cruciales para comprender la energía de unión nuclear. Estas mediciones precisas ofrecen puntos de anclaje confiables hacia la isla de estabilidad predicha.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física nuclear es la física nuclear.
- Física atómica es la física atómica.
- Química Química es la química.
Sus antecedentes:
- La masa atómica y la energía de enlace son fundamentales para las reacciones nucleares y la síntesis de elementos.
- Las propiedades de los elementos superpesados se deducen de las cadenas de desintegración, lo que introduce incertidumbres significativas.
- Comprender los límites de la pesadez elemental es una cuestión clave en la ciencia nuclear.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir directamente las masas de los nucleidos transuránicos, específicamente los isótopos de Nobelium (252-254) No.
- Para mejorar la precisión de las mediciones de masa de los elementos cerca de la isla de estabilidad prevista.
- Proporcionar datos fiables para los modelos nucleares y la comprensión de las fuerzas nucleares.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrómetro de masa de trampa SHIPTRAP Penning para mediciones de masa de alta precisión.
- Superó los desafíos de las tasas de producción mínimas (menos de un átomo por segundo).
- Espectrometría de masas directa avanzada por diez números atómicos sin comprometer la precisión.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtuvieron incertidumbres de masa de aproximadamente 10 keV/c) (0,05 p.p.m.) precisión relativa) para el (252-254) No.
- Amplió las mediciones directas de masa en la región trans-uranio.
- Se establecieron valores de masa precisos para los nucleidos en el borde de la región de los actinuros.
Conclusiones:
- Las mediciones directas de masa ofrecen una precisión superior en comparación con las reconstrucciones de la cadena de desintegración de los elementos superpesados.
- Estos hallazgos proporcionan puntos de anclaje esenciales para explorar la isla de la estabilidad.
- El estudio valida la capacidad de la espectrometría de masas de la trampa de Penning para investigar núcleos exóticos.
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