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Aleación policristalina de hierro con memoria de forma que muestra una enorme superelasticidad
Y Tanaka1, Y Himuro, R Kainuma
1Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 20, 2010
Resumen
Una nueva aleación de memoria de forma de hierro ofrece más del 13% de deformación superelástica, superando a las aleaciones de Ni-Ti. Este material de alta resistencia también demuestra una capacidad de amortiguación significativa y cambios magnéticos, lo que indica un potencial para aplicaciones avanzadas de sensores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- La metalurgia es la metalurgia.
- Física del estado sólido Física del estado sólido
Sus antecedentes:
- Las aleaciones de memoria de forma (SMA) como Ni-Ti y Cu-Zn-Al exhiben superelasticidad, lo que permite grandes tensiones reversibles.
- Las aleaciones basadas en níquel-titanio (Ni-Ti) son actualmente los únicos materiales superelásticos prácticos debido a su ductilidad y capacidades de deformación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Introducir una nueva aleación policristalina de hierro con memoria de forma.
- Para caracterizar su tensión superelástica, resistencia a la tracción, capacidad de amortiguación y propiedades magnéticas.
Principales métodos:
- Pruebas de tracción para evaluar la deformación superelástica y la resistencia a la tracción.
- Análisis de la capacidad de amortiguación.
- Investigación de los cambios de magnetización reversible durante la carga y descarga mecánica.
Principales resultados:
- El SMA ferroso desarrollado exhibe una tensión superelástica superior al 13%, casi el doble que la de las aleaciones de Ni-Ti.
- Alcanzó una resistencia a la tracción superior a 1 gigapascal.
- Demostró una capacidad de amortiguación muy grande y cambios significativos de magnetización reversibles.
Conclusiones:
- Esta aleación de memoria de forma de hierro presenta un avance significativo sobre las aleaciones de Ni-Ti existentes en términos de deformación superelástica.
- Su alta capacidad de amortiguación y propiedades magneto-mecánicas sugieren su idoneidad para aplicaciones de amortiguación y sensores de alto rendimiento.
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