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Análisis evolutivo de todo el genoma de la metilación del ADN eucariótico
Assaf Zemach1, Ivy E McDaniel, Pedro Silva
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 211 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 17, 2010
Resumen
La metilación del ADN en los cuerpos genéticos es antigua y se conserva en plantas y animales. Sin embargo, la metilación selectiva de los transposones difiere entre especies, revelando un mosaico de características conservadas y nuevas en los genomas eucariotas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La epigenética es la epigenética.
- La genómica comparada es una genómica comparada.
- Biología molecular La biología molecular.
Sus antecedentes:
- La metilación del ADN es crucial para la regulación génica eucariota, afectando la transcripción.
- Su conservación a través de diversas especies, particularmente la metilación del cuerpo genético, sigue siendo incompletamente entendida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la conservación evolutiva de los patrones de metilación del ADN en 17 genomas eucariotas.
- Para determinar si la metilación del cuerpo génico y la metilación del transposón son características conservadas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de los patrones de metilación del ADN en 17 genomas de eucariotas.
- Examen de los contextos de metilación (por ejemplo, CHG) y las modificaciones de histona asociadas (H2A.Z).
- Investigación de la metilación del ADN dirigida por ARN en hongos.
Principales resultados:
- La metilación del cuerpo génico se conserva entre las plantas y los animales.
- La metilación selectiva de los transposones no se conserva en todos los eucariotas estudiados.
- La metilación de los transposones vegetales en el contexto de CHG se encuentra en las algas verdes.
- La exclusión de la histona H2A.Z del ADN metilado se conserva en plantas y animales.
- Se observó evidencia de metilación del ADN dirigida por ARN en genes fúngicos.
Conclusiones:
- Los sistemas de metilación del ADN de los eucariotas son mosaicos de mecanismos epigenéticos conservados y derivados.
- La metilación del cuerpo génico representa una antigua característica epigenética de los genomas eucariotas.
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