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La calidad del profesorado modera los efectos genéticos en la lectura temprana
J Taylor1, A D Roehrig, B Soden Hensler
1Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4301, USA. taylor@psy.fsu.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 24, 2010
Resumen
La enseñanza de alta calidad amplifica las influencias genéticas en las habilidades de lectura de los niños. La mala enseñanza, sin embargo, puede obstaculizar el desarrollo de la lectura, independientemente de las predisposiciones genéticas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
- Psicología educativa Psicología educativa.
- Genética del comportamiento Genética del comportamiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- El logro de la lectura está influenciado por factores genéticos, familiares y escolares.
- El impacto específico de la calidad del profesorado en el desarrollo de la lectura sigue sin estar claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la calidad del profesorado en el logro de lectura de los niños.
- Determinar cómo la calidad del profesorado interactúa con las influencias genéticas en las habilidades de lectura.
Principales métodos:
- Estudió a estudiantes de primer y segundo grado en diversas escuelas de Florida.
- Utilizó comparaciones de gemelos (monocigóticos y dizigóticos) para estimar la variación genética en el logro de la lectura.
- Evaluó la calidad del profesorado midiendo las ganancias de lectura en compañeros de clase no gemelos.
Principales resultados:
- La variación genética en la fluidez de lectura oral de los gemelos aumentó con una mayor calidad del maestro.
- Los maestros excelentes pueden hacer que las contribuciones genéticas al logro de la lectura parezcan más grandes.
- La enseñanza ineficaz puede limitar el potencial de lectura de los estudiantes.
Conclusiones:
- La calidad del profesorado modera significativamente la expresión de las influencias genéticas en el logro de la lectura.
- La enseñanza efectiva es crucial para maximizar el potencial de lectura de todos los estudiantes.
- Abordar la calidad de los maestros es esencial para mejorar los resultados de la lectura.
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