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Creación de una célula bacteriana controlada por un genoma sintetizado químicamente
Daniel G Gibson1, John I Glass, Carole Lartigue
1The J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 22, 2010
Resumen
Los científicos crearon un genoma sintético para Mycoplasma mycoides, sintetizándolo y trasplantándolo en una célula receptora. Esto dio como resultado nuevas células controladas únicamente por el cromosoma sintético, capaces de autorreplicarse.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología sintética Biología sintética.
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Microbiología Microbiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La creación de genomas sintéticos es una frontera clave en la ingeniería biológica.
- Comprender los genomas mínimos y sus funciones es crucial para el avance de la biología sintética.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar, sintetizar y ensamblar un genoma bacteriano sintético completo.
- Para demostrar la viabilidad y la autorreplicación de las células controladas por un genoma sintético.
Principales métodos:
- Comenzando con la información de secuencia del genoma digitalizada, se sintetizó y ensambló el genoma del par de 1.08-megabases Mycoplasma mycoides JCVI-syn1.0.
- El cromosoma sintético fue trasplantado a una célula receptora de Mycoplasma capricolum.
Principales resultados:
- Se crearon con éxito nuevas células de Mycoplasma mycoides controladas exclusivamente por el cromosoma sintético.
- El genoma sintético incluía secuencias de "marcas de agua" diseñadas, deleciones de genes y polimorfismos.
- Las células resultantes exhibieron las propiedades fenotípicas esperadas y la autorreplicación continua.
Conclusiones:
- Demostró la viabilidad de crear una célula bacteriana viable controlada por un genoma completamente sintético.
- Este trabajo representa un paso significativo hacia la ingeniería de nuevas funciones biológicas a través de la genómica sintética.
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