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Cefalópodos primitivos de cuerpo blando del Cámbrico.

Martin R Smith1, Jean-Bernard Caron

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G5, Canada.

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Los primeros cefalópodos, como Nectocaris, carecían de caparazones y vivieron en el período Cámbrico. Este descubrimiento retrasa el registro fósil de los cefalópodos en 30 millones de años, revelando su evolución temprana.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Paleontología Paleontología.
  • Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
  • Biología Marina Biología Marina.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los depósitos de esquisto de Burgess preservan los primeros planos del cuerpo de los animales.
  • La evolución temprana de los cefalópodos, particularmente los nautiloides, es poco conocida.
  • Nectocaris pteryx es un fósil problemático del Cámbrico Medio.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Reinterpretar el Nectocaris pteryx como un cefalópodo primitivo.
  • Investiga la evolución temprana de los cefalópodos y sus planos corporales.
  • Extender el registro fósil de los cefalópodos hasta el Cámbrico.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de nuevo material fósil de Nectocaris pteryx del esquisto de Burgess.
  • Morfología comparativa de Nectocaris y otros taxones del Cámbrico temprano.
  • Análisis filogenético para determinar la ubicación de Nectocarididae dentro de los cefalópodos.

Principales resultados:

  • Nectocaris pteryx es reinterpretado como un cefalópodo no mineralizado del grupo del tallo.
  • Nectocaris, Petalilium y Vetustovermis forman el clado Nectocarididae.
  • Los cefalópodos primitivos carecían de caparazones, eran hiperbénticos y poseían un embudo para la propulsión en chorro.

Conclusiones:

  • El registro fósil de cefalópodos se extendió por más de 30 millones de años en el Cámbrico.
  • La propulsión en chorro evolucionó antes de la adquisición de un caparazón mineralizado en los cefalópodos.
  • El período cámbrico probablemente albergaba un "fusible" para la diversificación ordoviciana de los cefalópodos con concha.