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Incontinencia en mujeres mayores
Patricia S Goode1, Kathryn L Burgio, Holly E Richter
1Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA. pgoode@uab.edu
JAMA
|June 3, 2010
Resumen
La incontinencia urinaria afecta a muchas mujeres mayores, afectando su calidad de vida. El diagnóstico precoz y los tratamientos basados en la evidencia, incluidos los ejercicios y los medicamentos, mejoran significativamente la satisfacción y el bienestar del paciente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geriatría La geriatría es la especialidad de la geriatría.
- Urología Urología Urología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La incontinencia urinaria es un síndrome geriátrico prevalente que afecta a más de un tercio de las mujeres mayores.
- Está vinculado a resultados adversos como el aislamiento social, las caídas y la institucionalización.
- A menudo subreportado, requiere exámenes de detección de rutina en mujeres mayores.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la evidencia para evaluar y tratar la incontinencia urinaria en mujeres mayores.
- Para resaltar la importancia de un diagnóstico preciso (estrés, urgencia, mezclado) para una gestión eficaz.
- Para discutir varias opciones de tratamiento y consideraciones especiales para los pacientes con demencia.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión basada en la evidencia de las estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento para la incontinencia urinaria geriátrica.
- Ilustración de caso para enfatizar la cronicidad y el enfoque de gestión.
- Inclusión de consideraciones especiales para pacientes con deterioro cognitivo.
Principales resultados:
- Hay una variedad de tratamientos disponibles, incluidos los conservadores (ejercicios, administración de fluidos) y las opciones médicas / quirúrgicas.
- Se discuten tratamientos específicos: ejercicios del suelo pélvico, estrategias de supresión del estrés / impulso, medicamentos, pesarios, toxina botulínica, estimulación nerviosa y cirugía.
- Los tratamientos demuestran una alta satisfacción del paciente y una mejor calidad de vida.
Conclusiones:
- El diagnóstico preciso es crucial para optimizar los resultados del tratamiento en mujeres mayores con incontinencia urinaria.
- Las estrategias de gestión integrales y basadas en la evidencia pueden mejorar significativamente la calidad de vida y la satisfacción del paciente.
- La detección y el tratamiento inmediato de la incontinencia urinaria son componentes vitales de la atención geriátrica.
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