Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jun 12, 2026

07:03
Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
Published on: August 15, 2018
Cristal líquido columnar con una polarización espontánea a lo largo del eje columnar
Daigo Miyajima1, Fumito Araoka, Hideo Takezoe
1School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 10, 2010
Resumen
Una nueva molécula en forma de abanico se autoensambla en un cristal líquido con polarización espontánea. Esta mesofase polar exhibe propiedades ópticas únicas, incluida una fuerte señal de generación de segundo armónico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Cristales líquidos de cristales líquidos.
Sus antecedentes:
- El autoensamblaje molecular es clave para crear materiales avanzados.
- Los cristales líquidos exhiben fases únicas entre los estados sólido y líquido.
- La polarización macroscópica en materiales blandos es difícil de lograr.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y sintetizar una molécula en forma de abanico capaz de autoensamblarse.
- Para investigar las propiedades cristalinas líquidas del material autoensamblado.
- Para explorar las propiedades ópticas, específicamente la segunda generación armónica (SHG), de la mesofase polar.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de una molécula en forma de abanico con grupos amídicos de enlace de hidrógeno y un núcleo aromático polar.
- Caracterización de la estructura autoensamblada utilizando técnicas como la difracción de rayos X y la microscopía.
- Medición de la polarización macroscópica a lo largo del eje columnar.
- Mediciones ópticas de la segunda generación armónica (SHG) durante las transiciones de fase.
Principales resultados:
- La molécula en forma de abanico se autoensambla en una mesofase cristalina líquida columnar.
- Esta mesofase exhibe una polarización macroscópica espontánea sin precedentes a lo largo del eje columnar.
- La mesofase polar muestra una señal significativa de generación de segundo armónico (SHG).
- La señal SHG desaparece en la transición a una fusión isotrópica y se recupera al enfriarse.
Conclusiones:
- Las moléculas en forma de abanico con grupos funcionales específicos pueden formar fases cristalinas líquidas polares.
- La polarización macroscópica espontánea en cristales líquidos se puede lograr a través del diseño molecular.
- La señal SHG observada confirma la naturaleza polar de la mesofase y su potencial para aplicaciones ópticas no lineales.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Unit Cells
A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...
Structures of Solids
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Ionic Crystal Structures
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Metallic Solids
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

