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La reciente formación de las lunas de Saturno a partir de la expansión viscosa de los anillos principales
Sébastien Charnoz1, Julien Salmon, Aurélien Crida
1Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot/CEA/CNRS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France. charnoz@cea.fr
Nature
|June 11, 2010
Resumen
Las pequeñas lunas de Saturno, más jóvenes de lo esperado, probablemente se formaron a partir de sus anillos. Las simulaciones muestran que el anillo viscoso que se extiende más allá del límite de Roche creó estas lunas y dio forma a los anillos principales y al anillo F.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- Formación del sistema solar Formación del sistema solar
Sus antecedentes:
- Los satélites regulares de los planetas gigantes se formaron hace ~4,5 Gyr.
- Saturno posee lunas dinámicamente jóvenes (<10^7 años) con bajas densidades (~600 kg m−3) y características espectrales en forma de anillo.
- Los modelos anteriores no podían explicar completamente la formación de estas pequeñas lunas debido a limitaciones computacionales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para modelar el proceso de formación de las pequeñas lunas de Saturno.
- Para investigar la acreción de lunas pequeñas en el borde de los anillos de Saturno.
- Comprender la relación entre la dinámica de los anillos y la formación de satélites.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un enfoque de simulación híbrido.
- Modelado la expansión viscosa de los anillos de Saturno más allá del límite de Roche.
- Investigó la inestabilidad gravitacional y los procesos de acreción dentro de los anillos.
Principales resultados:
- La simulación reprodujo con éxito la distribución de masa y la arquitectura orbital de las lunas pequeñas.
- Demostró que el anillo viscoso que se extiende más allá del límite de Roche es un mecanismo viable para la formación de pequeñas lunas.
- Se demostró que la formación de satélites se combina con la evolución de anillos viscosos.
Conclusiones:
- Las pequeñas lunas de Saturno se acrecentaron recientemente (hace menos de 10 años) de sus anillos.
- El confinamiento de los anillos principales de Saturno y la existencia del anillo F son consecuencias de esta evolución viscosa acoplada y el proceso de formación de satélites.
- Los anillos de Saturno pueden representar un sitio reciente de acreción activa en el Sistema Solar, similar a un mini disco protoplanetario.
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