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La creciente huella humana en la biogeoquímica costera y de mar abierto
1Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. sdoney@whoi.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 19, 2010
Resumen
La química del océano está cambiando rápidamente debido al cambio climático y la contaminación, lo que afecta a la vida marina. Estas alteraciones provocadas por el hombre, incluida la acidificación y la desoxigenación de los océanos, representan una amenaza creciente para los recursos marinos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química marina La química marina es la química de los océanos.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las actividades humanas como la combustión de combustibles fósiles y los procesos industriales están alterando la química del océano a escala global.
- Los cambios observados incluyen cambios en la química ácido-base, disminución de los niveles de oxígeno, aumento de nitrógeno, mercurio y contaminantes orgánicos persistentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para esbozar las alteraciones fundamentales en la química del océano impulsadas por factores antropogénicos.
- Para resaltar las principales tendencias observadas y sus impactos futuros proyectados en los ecosistemas marinos.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio sintetiza los datos existentes y la investigación sobre los cambios químicos oceánicos observados.
- Analiza las tendencias en la química del agua de mar, los niveles de oxígeno, los insumos de nutrientes y las concentraciones de contaminantes.
Principales resultados:
- Se están produciendo cambios globales significativos en la química ácido-base del océano.
- La reducción del oxígeno subterráneo y el aumento de los niveles de nitrógeno costeros están muy extendidos.
- El mercurio y los contaminantes orgánicos persistentes muestran un aumento general en los ambientes marinos.
Conclusiones:
- La química del océano se está alterando a un ritmo sin precedentes debido a las actividades humanas.
- Se prevé que estos cambios, incluida la acidificación y la desoxigenación, se intensifiquen, afectando negativamente a la biota y los recursos marinos.
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