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Las plantas integran información sobre nutrientes y vecinos
James F Cahill1, Gordon G McNickle, Joshua J Haag
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. jc.cahill@ualberta.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 26, 2010
Resumen
Las plantas pueden sentir y responder a su entorno, de manera similar a los animales. Las plantas Abutilon theophrasti ajustan el crecimiento de las raíces en función de la presencia de competidores y la disponibilidad de nutrientes, mostrando una compleja integración ambiental.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología vegetal Biología vegetal
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ecología del comportamiento ecología del comportamiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los animales integran la ubicación del recurso y la presencia del competidor para la búsqueda de alimento.
- La capacidad de las plantas para integrar señales ambientales como la competencia y la distribución de recursos es menos comprendida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la planta anual Abutilon theophrasti integra información sobre la presencia de competidores y las distribuciones heterogéneas de recursos.
- Para determinar cómo estos factores influyen en el comportamiento de forrajeo de las plantas, específicamente en la distribución de las raíces.
Principales métodos:
- Estudió Abutilon theophrasti bajo condiciones controladas.
- Manipuló la presencia de competidores y la distribución de nutrientes del suelo (uniforme versus heterogéneo).
- Mide los patrones de distribución de las raíces en respuesta a estas condiciones.
Principales resultados:
- Las plantas cultivadas individualmente mostraron una distribución raíz uniforme, independientemente de la disponibilidad de nutrientes.
- Las plantas con competidores y nutrientes uniformes reducen significativamente la anchura de las raíces y el uso segregado del suelo.
- Las plantas con competidores y nutrientes heterogéneos mostraron solo reducciones modestas en el crecimiento de las raíces, lo que indica la integración de ambas señales.
Conclusiones:
- Abutilon theophrasti demuestra una respuesta compleja a las condiciones ambientales.
- Las plantas integran información sobre la presencia de vecinos y la distribución de recursos para modificar el comportamiento de las raíces.
- Esto sugiere sofisticados sistemas de detección ambiental y estrategias de adaptación en las plantas.
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