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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
Published on: November 17, 2018
La especificidad del uso de polisacáridos en las especies de bacteroides intestinales determina las alteraciones de
Erica D Sonnenburg1, Hongjun Zheng, Payal Joglekar
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell
|July 7, 2010
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron cómo las bacterias Bacteroides usan fructanos, un tipo de fibra dietética. Este descubrimiento explica cómo la dieta cambia la microbiota intestinal y ofrece formas potenciales de manipularla para una mejor salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Salud de las personas Salud humana Salud humana Salud humana.
- Ciencia de la Dieta Ciencia de la Dieta.
Sus antecedentes:
- La microbiota intestinal juega un papel crucial en la salud humana y las enfermedades.
- La dieta influye significativamente en la composición de la microbiota intestinal, pero los mecanismos subyacentes no se comprenden completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos por los cuales las especies de Bacteroides proliferan en respuesta a los fructanos.
- Para identificar genes y vías específicas involucradas en la utilización del fructano en Bacteroides.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis estructural y genético de Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.
- Identificación y caracterización de un sensor de señalización híbrido de dos componentes que se une a la fructosa.
- Análisis del locus de utilización del fructano y su contenido genético en diferentes especies de Bacteroides.
Principales resultados:
- Un sensor de unión a la fructosa controla la utilización del fructano en el Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.
- Las diferencias en el contenido de genes dentro del locus de utilización del fructano determinan el rango de fructanos utilizados por varias especies de Bacteroides.
- La enzima BT1760, una beta2-6 endo-fructanasa, es específica para B. thetaiotaomicron y permite su utilización.
- Las variaciones genéticas y funcionales predicen la competitividad in vivo de las especies de Bacteroides con los fructanos de la dieta.
Conclusiones:
- Los fructanos dietéticos son utilizados por especies específicas de Bacteroides a través de una vía regulada que involucra un nuevo sensor de señalización.
- Las variaciones en los genes de utilización del fructano entre las especies de Bacteroides explican su crecimiento diferencial en varios fructanos.
- Estas diferencias metabólicas específicas de cada especie pueden servir como biomarcadores para predecir y potencialmente manipular la composición de la microbiota intestinal a través de la dieta.
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