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Medir el impacto en la era de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y más allá: un nuevo enfoque para las
Cesar G Victora1, Robert E Black, J Ties Boerma
1Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. cvictora@terra.com.br
Lancet (London, England)
|July 13, 2010
Resumen
Se propone un nuevo enfoque de plataforma nacional para evaluar programas de salud a gran escala en países de ingresos bajos y medios. Este método utiliza distritos para el análisis y el monitoreo continuo para evaluar rigurosamente la rentabilidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global La salud global.
- Evaluación del programa de salud Evaluación del programa de salud
- Economía de la salud Economía de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- Los diseños de evaluación tradicionales son inadecuados para los programas de salud a gran escala en los países de ingresos bajos y medios (LMIC).
- La ampliación generalizada de las iniciativas de salud requiere nuevas metodologías de evaluación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer un diseño de evaluación evolucionado, el enfoque de la plataforma nacional, para evaluar programas de salud a gran escala en LMICs.
- Mejorar el rigor, la transparencia y el análisis de rentabilidad de las iniciativas de salud.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando distritos como la unidad para el diseño y el análisis.
- Implementar el monitoreo continuo de varios niveles de indicadores.
- Emplear múltiples métodos de recopilación de datos antes, durante y después del período de evaluación.
- Aplicar diversas técnicas analíticas para abordar las brechas y sesgos en los datos.
- Incorporando análisis de evaluación intermedios y sumarios.
Principales resultados:
- El enfoque de la plataforma nacional propuesta ofrece un marco de evaluación más relevante y riguroso para los programas de salud contemporáneos.
- Esta metodología facilita una comparación robusta de la rentabilidad entre diferentes estrategias de escala.
- Promueve la apropiación del país, la transparencia y la mejora de la coordinación de los donantes.
Conclusiones:
- El enfoque de la plataforma nacional representa una evolución significativa en la evaluación de las intervenciones de salud a gran escala en los LMIC.
- Este marco es esencial para proporcionar evidencia confiable sobre la efectividad y eficiencia de las iniciativas globales de salud.
- La adopción de este enfoque puede conducir a una mejor asignación de recursos y mejores resultados de salud.
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