Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jun 10, 2026
12:33
Determination of Biofilm Initiation on Virus-infected Cells by Bacteria and Fungi
Published on: July 6, 2016
Virus en la microbiota fecal de gemelos monocigóticos y sus madres
Alejandro Reyes1, Matthew Haynes, Nicole Hanson
1Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.
Nature
|July 16, 2010
Resumen
Los viromas intestinales humanos son únicos para los individuos, a diferencia de las comunidades bacterianas que se comparten entre parientes. A pesar de esto, los viromas individuales permanecen estables en el tiempo, dominados por unos pocos fagos templados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- El microbioma humano es el microbioma humano.
- Virología Virología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La diversidad viral y los ciclos de vida en el intestino humano son poco conocidos.
- Los fagos pueden servir como firmas de la microbiota humana y su respuesta a las perturbaciones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la diversidad y la estabilidad de los viromas intestinales humanos.
- Para comparar los viromas con las comunidades bacterianas en relación con la relación genética y el tiempo.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación de partículas parecidas a virus (viromas) de muestras fecales de gemelos monocigóticos y sus madres durante un año.
- Comparación con los datos del gen del ARN ribosomal 16S bacteriano y el ADN fecal total.
Principales resultados:
- Los viromas son únicos para los individuos, independientemente de la relación genética (gemelos / madres).
- Las comunidades bacterianas muestran una mayor similitud entre individuos relacionados.
- Los viromas individuales exhiben una baja diversidad y una alta estabilidad (> 95% de retención durante un año).
- Los viromas están dominados por unos pocos fagos templados genéticamente estables.
Conclusiones:
- Los viromas intestinales humanos son altamente personalizados y estables en el tiempo.
- Una dinámica viral-microbiana depredadora, común en otros ecosistemas, parece ausente en el intestino humano distal.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:26Human Virome
The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
01:28Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...
01:22Introduction to the Human Microbiota
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
01:28Development of the Oral Microbiota
The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
01:30Development of Human Microbiota
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
01:21Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics
Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...