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La tectónica cenozoica del oeste de América del Norte estaba controlada por la evolución de la anchura de la losa
W P Schellart1, D R Stegman, R J Farrington
1School of Geosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. wouter.schellart@monash.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 22, 2010
Resumen
La anchura de la losa controla cómo las placas oceánicas se subducen y migran. Las losas más estrechas se mueven más rápido, influyendo en eventos geológicos como la orogénesis y la extensión de América del Norte.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Las geociencias son ciencias geológicas.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
- La geodinámica es la geodinámica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La subducción de la litosfera oceánica ocurre a través del movimiento de la placa subductora y la migración de zanjas.
- La interacción entre estos modos y su control por parámetros físicos no se entiende completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel del ancho de la losa en el control de los modos de subducción.
- Para cuantificar la relación entre el ancho de la losa y las velocidades de la placa de subducción y la zanja.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un conjunto de datos de la zona de subducción global.
- Empleó modelos de subducción numéricos tridimensionales.
Principales resultados:
- El ancho de la losa (W) dicta los modos de subducción y el particionamiento.
- Las escalas de velocidad de la placa de subducción con W(2/3), mientras que las escalas de velocidad de la zanja con 1/W.
- Estas leyes de escala explican la desaceleración de la placa de Farallon y los cambios tectónicos de América del Norte.
Conclusiones:
- El ancho de la losa es un control primario de la dinámica de subducción.
- Las leyes de escala derivadas proporcionan un marco para comprender la evolución de la zona de subducción y los procesos de superficie asociados.
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