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Electrocatalizador Pt/Ti0.7W0.3O2 altamente estable y tolerante al CO para células de combustible de membrana de
Deli Wang1, Chinmayee V Subban, Hongsen Wang
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 29, 2010
Resumen
El desarrollo de un catalizador de ánodo duradero, económico y eficiente es crucial para las células de combustible de membrana de intercambio de protones (PEMFC). Las nanopartículas de platino en Ti{0.7) W{0.3) O{2) demuestran una tolerancia única al monóxido de carbono para la oxidación del hidrógeno, avanzando la tecnología PEMFC.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- La electroquímica es electroquímica.
- La catálisis es la catálisis.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las células de combustible de membrana de intercambio de protones (PEMFC) se enfrentan a desafíos de durabilidad que afectan a la comercialización.
- Un obstáculo clave es la necesidad de catalizadores de ánodo rentables, eficientes y tolerantes al monóxido de carbono (CO).
- Los catalizadores actuales a menudo sufren de envenenamiento por CO, lo que reduce el rendimiento de la pila de combustible.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las propiedades de tolerancia al CO de las nanopartículas de platino (Pt) apoyadas en óxido de titanio-tungsteno (Ti{0.7}W{0.3}O{2}).
- Para evaluar la actividad electrocatalítica de Pt/Ti{0.7) W{0.3) O{2} para la oxidación de hidrógeno en aplicaciones PEMFC.
- Para comparar el rendimiento de Pt/Ti{0.7) W{0.3) O{2) con los catalizadores de ánodo comerciales.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de las nanopartículas Ti{0.7}W{0.3}O{2} (50 nm) mediante un proceso sol-gel.
- Platinización de Ti{0.7) W{0.3) O{2) a través de una técnica de reducción de impregnación.
- Estudios electroquímicos, incluida la oxidación del hidrógeno y la espectrometría de masas electroquímica diferencial (DEMS), para evaluar la actividad catalítica y la tolerancia al CO.
Principales resultados:
- Las nanopartículas Pt soportadas en Ti{0.7}W{0.3}O{2} exhiben una actividad electrocatalítica tolerante al CO única.
- El catalizador demuestra un rendimiento superior para la oxidación del hidrógeno en comparación con los catalizadores comerciales PtRu/C.
- Las mediciones de DEMS indican un potencial de inicio de la oxidación de CO por debajo de 0,1 V frente al electrodo de hidrógeno reversible (RHE).
Conclusiones:
- Pt/Ti{0.7) W{0.3) O{2) presenta un nuevo y prometedor catalizador de ánodo para las PEMFC.
- La tolerancia al CO del material aborda una limitación crítica en la tecnología actual de celdas de combustible.
- Este desarrollo podría mejorar significativamente la durabilidad y la viabilidad comercial de las PEMFC.
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