Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 5, 2026
10:55
Ablation of a Single Cell From Eight-cell Embryos of the Amphipod Crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis
Published on: March 17, 2014
11.6K
El genoma de Amphimedon queenslandica y la evolución de la complejidad animal
Mansi Srivastava1, Oleg Simakov, Jarrod Chapman
1Center for Integrative Genomics and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. mansi@wi.mit.edu
Nature
|August 6, 2010
Resumen
El genoma de Amphimedon queenslandica revela herramientas genéticas de animales antiguos cruciales para los planes corporales. Muchos genes involucrados en la evolución temprana de los animales también están relacionados con el desarrollo del cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las esponjas son antiguos metazoos, que divergieron hace más de 600 millones de años.
- Comprender los genomas de las esponjas proporciona información sobre la evolución temprana de los animales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar el proyecto de secuencia del genoma de Amphimedon queenslandica.
- Para analizar eventos genómicos relacionados con el origen y la evolución de los animales.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del genoma de Amphimedon queenslandica.
- Análisis genómico comparativo con otros genomas animales.
Principales resultados:
- El genoma de Amphimedon queenslandica es similar en contenido, estructura y organización a los genomas de otros animales.
- Identificó la aparición, expansión y diversificación de genes críticos para los planes corporales de los metazoos.
- Estos genes incluyen aquellos para el control del ciclo celular, el desarrollo, la especificación celular, la adhesión celular, la inmunidad innata y el aloreconocimiento.
Conclusiones:
- El genoma de la esponja proporciona un conjunto de herramientas genómicas para comprender la evolución temprana de los animales.
- Los genes involucrados en la multicelularidad animal temprana también están implicados en el cáncer.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.6K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.6K
03:21Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
7.6K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
7.6K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.9K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.9K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.0K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.0K
01:24Eukaryotic Evolution
19.5K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
19.5K
01:08Evolution of Microbial Genome
116
Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
116