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Una enfermedad emergente causa el colapso regional de la población de una especie de murciélago común de América del
Winifred F Frick1, Jacob F Pollock, Alan C Hicks
1Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology (CECB), Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. wfrick@batresearch.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 2010
Resumen
El síndrome de la nariz blanca (WNS) es una enfermedad mortal de murciélagos que se extiende por toda América del Norte, causando disminuciones significativas de la población. Esta enfermedad emergente de la vida silvestre amenaza con la extinción a especies como el pequeño myotis marrón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Patología veterinaria patología veterinaria.
- Ecología de la vida silvestre ecología de la vida silvestre.
- Biología de la conservación Biología de la conservación.
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de la nariz blanca (WNS) es una enfermedad infecciosa emergente que afecta a los murciélagos en hibernación.
- Identificado por primera vez en 2006, el WNS ha causado una mortalidad extensa en el este de América del Norte.
- La enfermedad es responsable de la rápida disminución de la población en múltiples especies de murciélagos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para documentar la aparición y la rápida propagación del síndrome de la nariz blanca.
- Para evaluar el impacto de WNS en las poblaciones de murciélagos, en particular el pequeño myotis marrón.
- Para resaltar las consecuencias ecológicas de las nuevas enfermedades de la vida silvestre.
Principales métodos:
- Estudios observacionales de las poblaciones de murciélagos en hibernacula.
- Monitorear la propagación geográfica y las especies afectadas por WNS.
- Modelado de poblaciones para predecir los riesgos de extinción.
Principales resultados:
- El WNS se ha extendido rápidamente por el este de América del Norte, afectando al menos a siete especies de murciélagos.
- Los eventos de mortalidad masiva están ocurriendo en invierno hibernacula.
- Se observa un colapso significativo de la población, con predicciones de extinción regional para Myotis lucifugus.
Conclusiones:
- El síndrome de la nariz blanca representa una grave amenaza para las poblaciones de murciélagos en América del Norte.
- La mortalidad inducida por la enfermedad está causando desequilibrios ecológicos.
- Las nuevas enfermedades pueden tener efectos devastadores en las poblaciones de vida silvestre ingenuas y la integridad del ecosistema.
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