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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Los pequeños ARN están en movimiento.

Daniel H Chitwood1, Marja C P Timmermans

  • 1Section of Plant Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.

Nature
|September 25, 2010
PubMed
Resumen

Las pequeñas moléculas de ARN, incluidos los ARN de interferencia corta y los microARN, son las señales móviles responsables del silenciamiento de genes de célula a célula en las plantas. Su movimiento afecta el desarrollo, las respuestas al estrés y la herencia.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • Ciencias de las plantas Ciencias de las plantas.
  • Genética La genética.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La interferencia de ARN (RNAi) media en el silenciamiento de genes.
  • El silenciamiento genético no celular-autónomo, o la propagación de célula a célula del silenciamiento, es una característica clave del ARNi en plantas y animales.
  • La señal de silenciamiento móvil en las plantas no se ha identificado definitivamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para identificar la señal de silenciamiento móvil responsable del silenciamiento genético no celular autónomo en las plantas.
  • Para dilucidar la naturaleza y el movimiento de pequeñas moléculas de ARN dentro de los sistemas vegetales.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de pequeñas poblaciones de ARN.

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  • Estudios sobre los mecanismos de transporte intercelular.
  • Investigación del movimiento del ARN a través de la vasculatura vegetal.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Se han identificado pequeñas moléculas de ARN, específicamente de 21-24 nucleótidos de tamaño, como señales silenciadoras móviles.
    • Estos ARN pequeños incluyen ARN de interferencia corta (siRNA) y microRNA (miRNA).
    • La evidencia sugiere que estos pequeños ARN se mueven entre las células de la planta y son transportados a través de la vasculatura.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los ARN pequeños son las señales móviles largamente buscadas que median el silenciamiento sistémico de genes en las plantas.
    • El movimiento intercelular de pequeños ARN tiene amplias implicaciones para la biología vegetal.
    • Comprender este movimiento es crucial para procesos como el patrón de desarrollo, la adaptación al estrés y la herencia epigenética.