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Las interacciones de las especies en una comunidad de parásitos impulsan el riesgo de infección en una población de
Sandra Telfer1, Xavier Lambin, Richard Birtles
1School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK. s.telfer@abdn.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 2010
Resumen
Los patrones de coinfección de parásitos están impulsados por la forma en que las infecciones se influyen entre sí, no solo por las diferencias de los huéspedes. La comprensión de estas interacciones es crucial para una ecología precisa de la enfermedad y la evaluación del riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Parasitología Parasitología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los huéspedes a menudo son infectados por múltiples parásitos simultáneamente o secuencialmente.
- Los patrones de coinfección plantean preguntas sobre si son el resultado de una susceptibilidad alterada del huésped o de diferencias inherentes del huésped.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los impulsores de los patrones de coinfección en las poblaciones naturales.
- Para determinar si una infección parasitaria afecta la susceptibilidad a otras.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de series temporales de huéspedes individuales en poblaciones naturales.
- Examen de los patrones de riesgo de infección dentro de una comunidad de microparasitos.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectaron efectos positivos y negativos significativos de los parásitos coinfectantes en el riesgo de infección.
- Se observó que estos efectos entre parásitos eran más grandes y explicaban más variación que los factores ambientales o específicos del huésped.
- Se confirmó que los patrones de infección persisten incluso después de tener en cuenta la susceptibilidad del huésped y las variaciones de exposición.
Conclusiones:
- Las dinámicas de coinfección están significativamente moldeadas por las interacciones entre las especies de parásitos.
- Considerar a los parásitos de forma aislada puede llevar a conclusiones erróneas en la ecología de las enfermedades.
- Un enfoque a nivel comunitario es esencial para comprender las interacciones huésped-parásito y el riesgo de infección.
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