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Impactos metabólicos globales del reciente calentamiento climático
Michael E Dillon1, George Wang, Raymond B Huey
1Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA. Michael.Dillon@uwyo.edu
Nature
|October 9, 2010
Resumen
El calentamiento global tiene un impacto significativo en las ectotermas tropicales. A pesar de los aumentos de temperatura más pequeños, sus tasas metabólicas cambian sustancialmente debido a los efectos no lineales de la temperatura, amenazando la biodiversidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
- Cambio climático Biología Cambio climático Biología
Sus antecedentes:
- El calentamiento global causa cambios bióticos documentados, observados principalmente en latitudes medias y altas.
- Se espera que las regiones tropicales muestren impactos bióticos menos pronunciados debido a un calentamiento más lento.
- Las respuestas fisiológicas, particularmente las tasas metabólicas en ectotermos, son sensibles a los cambios de temperatura.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Cuantificar el impacto del calentamiento climático en las tasas metabólicas terrestres a nivel mundial.
- Para comparar la magnitud de los cambios en la tasa metabólica en las regiones tropicales frente a las regiones templadas y árticas.
- Evaluar los profundos efectos del calentamiento en la biodiversidad tropical.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los cambios en la tasa metabólica en ectotermas terrestres en diferentes zonas latitudinales.
- Modelado de la relación no lineal entre la temperatura y la tasa metabólica.
- Cuantificación a escala global del impacto del calentamiento climático en la actividad metabólica.
Principales resultados:
- Los cambios estimados en las tasas metabólicas terrestres en los trópicos son sustanciales.
- Los cambios en la tasa metabólica tropical son equivalentes a los de las zonas templadas del norte y mayores que en el Ártico.
- Estos cambios significativos ocurren a pesar de los cambios de temperatura relativamente pequeños en los trópicos.
Conclusiones:
- Los efectos no lineales de la temperatura en el metabolismo conducen a impactos desproporcionadamente grandes en los trópicos.
- Las ectotermas tropicales, un componente importante de la biodiversidad global, se enfrentan a profundas amenazas por el calentamiento climático.
- Se necesita una consideración urgente de los impactos fisiológicos para las estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático tropical.
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