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Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

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Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
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Drug distribution in the body is intricately regulated by various physiological barriers that control the passage of substances. These include the capillary endothelial barrier, the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, blood-placental, and blood-testis barriers.
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Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
Cerebrospinal Fluid01:21

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a colorless liquid that flows around the brain and the spinal cord, playing a vital role in the protection, support, and overall function of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF production, circulation, and absorption are tightly regulated processes essential for the brain and spinal cord to function properly.
CSF Production
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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A High Output Method to Isolate Cerebral Pericytes from Mouse
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Published on: January 14, 2020

Los pericitos regulan la barrera hematoencefálica.

Annika Armulik1, Guillem Genové, Maarja Mäe

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles väg 2, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. annika.armulik@ki.se

Nature
|October 15, 2010
PubMed
Resumen

Los pericitos juegan un papel crítico en el mantenimiento de la integridad de la barrera hematoencefálica (BBB). Su deficiencia aumenta la permeabilidad de la BBB, afectando el paso del agua y el trazador a través del sistema nervioso central (SNC).

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Published on: September 12, 2018

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Biología celular Biología celular.
  • Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La barrera hematoencefálica (BBB) protege el sistema nervioso central (SNC) a través de barreras físicas, enzimas y transportadores.
  • Si bien las uniones estrechas endoteliales son clave, los roles de los astrocitos y pericitos en la función BBB no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar el papel in vivo de los pericitos en la regulación de la permeabilidad y la función de la barrera hematoencefálica.
  • Aclarar los mecanismos por los cuales los pericitos influyen en las propiedades de la BBB.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó adultos viables mutantes de ratón con deficiencia de pericitos.
  • Se evaluó la permeabilidad de BBB al agua y varios marcadores de peso molecular.
  • Investigó el efecto del imatinib en la permeabilidad de la BBB.
  • Se analizó la regulación mediada por pericitos de la expresión génica endotelial y la polarización de los astrocitos.

Principales resultados:

  • La deficiencia de pericitos aumentó significativamente la permeabilidad de la BBB al agua y a los trazadores.
  • El aumento de la permeabilidad se atribuyó a una mayor transcitosis endotelial, reversible con imatinib.
  • Los pericitos regulan la expresión génica endotelial específica del BBB e inducen la polarización de los pies finales de los astrocitos.

Conclusiones:

  • Los pericitos son esenciales para mantener la integridad de la barrera hematoencefálica in vivo.
  • Los pericitos integran las funciones endoteliales y astrocíticas en la unidad neurovascular.
  • Los pericitos juegan un papel novedoso y crítico en la regulación de la función de la barrera del SNC.