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Aumentar la prioridad de la prevención de enfermedades crónicas: un proceso político
Robert Geneau1, David Stuckler, Sylvie Stachenko
1Elizabeth Bruyere ResearchInstitute, University of Ottawa, Canada. rgeneau@bruyere.org
Lancet (London, England)
|November 16, 2010
Resumen
Las enfermedades crónicas son una pandemia mundial, sin embargo, la voluntad política, no la falta de soluciones, impide el progreso. Reenmarcar el debate, movilizar recursos y aprovechar las oportunidades políticas son claves para abordar esta crisis de salud y desarrollo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Política de salud Política de salud
- Salud global La salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermedades crónicas (enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes, cáncer, EPOC) representan una carga significativa para la salud mundial.
- Las políticas globales y nacionales existentes no han abordado adecuadamente la creciente pandemia de enfermedades crónicas.
- Existen estrategias de prevención efectivas y de bajo costo, lo que indica que el desafío es político y no técnico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los fracasos políticos en la lucha contra la pandemia de enfermedades crónicas.
- Identificar estrategias para aumentar la priorización política de las enfermedades crónicas.
- Mejorar la participación de las agencias de desarrollo en las iniciativas de enfermedades crónicas.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un modelo de proceso político adaptado, previamente utilizado para los movimientos sociales.
- El análisis se centró en identificar las barreras y oportunidades para la acción política sobre las enfermedades crónicas.
- Se desarrollaron estrategias basadas en la evaluación del panorama político.
Principales resultados:
- El fracaso en el control de las enfermedades crónicas es principalmente una cuestión política, a pesar de las soluciones técnicas disponibles.
- Se proponen tres estrategias principales: reformular el debate, movilizar recursos y aprovechar las oportunidades políticas.
- Es crucial abordar los determinantes sociales y el vínculo entre las enfermedades crónicas, la pobreza y el desarrollo.
Conclusiones:
- Se requiere una acción política urgente para combatir la pandemia de enfermedades crónicas.
- La integración de la prevención de enfermedades crónicas en las agendas de desarrollo es esencial para el desarrollo humano equitativo.
- El compromiso estratégico con las iniciativas globales de salud y los foros políticos puede impulsar el progreso.
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