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La detección de ácido por el sistema olfativo de Drosophila
Minrong Ai1, Soohong Min, Yael Grosjean
1Molecular Neurobiology Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Nature
|November 19, 2010
Resumen
Las moscas de la fruta detectan la acidez utilizando neuronas sensoriales olfativas específicas que expresan el receptor ionotrópico 64a (IR64a). La interrupción de estas neuronas perjudica la detección y la evitación del ácido, revelando una vía dedicada para la detección de ácidos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Investigación del sistema olfativo de investigación del sistema olfativo.
- Biología sensorial de los insectos.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los mecanismos sensoriales que subyacen a la percepción de la acidez no se comprenden bien.
- Los ácidos poseen una cualidad de olor distintivo, a menudo descrito como agudo, picante e irritante.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar las bases celulares y moleculares de la detección de ácido en el sistema olfativo de Drosophila melanogaster.
- Investigar cómo se percibe la acidez y se traduce en respuestas conductuales.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizado en imágenes de calcio in vivo para monitorear la actividad neuronal.
- Neuronas sensoriales olfativas (OSN) manipuladas genéticamente que expresan IR64a en las moscas de la fruta.
- Evalúa las respuestas fisiológicas y conductuales a los olores ácidos y no ácidos.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó una población específica de OSNs que expresan IR64a y que son altamente selectivos para los ácidos.
- Se demostró que las neuronas IR64a+ que se proyectan hacia el glomérulo DC4 son activadas por ácidos.
- Se encontró que la interrupción de las neuronas IR64a + o el gen IR64a afecta las respuestas provocadas por el ácido, pero no las respuestas a otros odorantes.
- Se demostró que la estimulación artificial de las neuronas IR64a+ provoca un comportamiento de evitación.
Conclusiones:
- Neuronas IR64a+ establecidas como actores clave en la detección de ácido periférico en Drosophila.
- Proporcionó evidencia de un mecanismo de codificación de líneas etiquetadas para la acidez en el sistema olfativo.
- Destacó el papel de los receptores ionotrópicos en la detección de estímulos químicos específicos.
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