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Las interneuronas colinérgicas controlan la actividad del circuito local y el acondicionamiento de la cocaína
Ilana B Witten1, Shih-Chun Lin, Matthew Brodsky
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 18, 2010
Resumen
Las interneuronas colinérgicas en el núcleo accumbens, aunque son raras, controlan poderosamente los circuitos cerebrales. El silenciamiento de estas neuronas bloqueó el acondicionamiento de la cocaína, revelando su papel crítico en la adicción a las drogas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las neuronas colinérgicas están muy extendidas, impactando muchos procesos cerebrales.
- La falta de especificidad en la modulación farmacológica limita la comprensión de las funciones de las neuronas colinérgicas.
- Las funciones causales de las neuronas colinérgicas en los circuitos neuronales siguen sin estar claras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la función de las interneuronas colinérgicas en el núcleo accumbens.
- Para determinar el control específico que estas neuronas ejercen sobre los circuitos neuronales.
- Para explorar la participación de estas neuronas en la adicción a la cocaína.
Principales métodos:
- Optogenética para la excitación / inhibición directa de las interneuronas colinérgicas del núcleo accumbens.
- In vivo y electrofisiología en rodajas para registrar la actividad neuronal.
- Paradigmas de comportamiento de mamíferos que se mueven libremente, incluido el condicionamiento de la cocaína.
Principales resultados:
- Las interneuronas colinérgicas, a pesar de ser <1% de las neuronas locales, ejercen un control dominante sobre la actividad del circuito del núcleo accumbens.
- Estas neuronas son activadas por la cocaína.
- El silenciamiento de la actividad colinérgica de las interneuronas inducida por la cocaína bloqueó el acondicionamiento de la cocaína.
Conclusiones:
- Las interneuronas colinérgicas del núcleo accumbens juegan un papel crítico en la modulación de los circuitos neuronales.
- Estas neuronas son esenciales para el desarrollo de la adicción a la cocaína.
- Dirigirse a estas neuronas específicas puede ofrecer nuevas estrategias terapéuticas para la adicción.
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