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Enfermedades crónicas y lesiones en la India

Vikram Patel¹, Somnath Chatterji, Dan Chisholm

¹Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. vikram.patel@lshtm.ac.uk

Lancet (London, England)

|January 14, 2011

Resumen

Las enfermedades crónicas y las lesiones son las principales causas de muerte y discapacidad en la India, afectando desproporcionadamente a las poblaciones pobres y rurales. La ampliación urgente de intervenciones rentables a través de los sectores público y privado es crucial para la atención médica universal.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Pública La salud pública.
Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Política de salud Política de salud

Sus antecedentes:

Las enfermedades crónicas y las lesiones son las principales causas de muerte y discapacidad en la India.
Estas condiciones afectan desproporcionadamente a las poblaciones pobres y rurales y a menudo ocurren simultáneamente.
La cobertura actual de estrategias de prevención rentables es baja, con altos costos del sector privado para la atención.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para resaltar la creciente carga de enfermedades crónicas y lesiones en la India.
Abogar por la ampliación inmediata de las intervenciones.
Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de fortalecer los sistemas de salud y los marcos políticos.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de las tendencias de la carga de enfermedades.
Revisión de las estrategias de prevención e intervención existentes.
Análisis de políticas con respecto a la integración del sistema de salud y marcos sociales/políticos.

Principales resultados:

Las enfermedades crónicas y las lesiones representan una carga significativa y creciente en la India.
Existen intervenciones rentables, pero su cobertura es baja, especialmente en poblaciones vulnerables.
La atención del sector privado a menudo es costosa, lo que requiere mejoras en el sistema de salud pública.

Conclusiones:

Se necesita una acción inmediata para ampliar las intervenciones para las enfermedades y lesiones crónicas.
Es esencial fortalecer la salud pública y los sistemas de atención primaria de salud.
Los cambios en las políticas, incluidos los impuestos y la integración de programas, son vitales para un control efectivo y una atención médica universal.

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