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Published on: October 27, 2013
La agricultura primitiva en una ameba social
Debra A Brock1, Tracy E Douglas, David C Queller
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA. dbrock@rice.edu
Nature
|January 21, 2011
Resumen
Las amebas sociales, Dictyostelium discoideum, muestran una agricultura primitiva mediante el cultivo de bacterias. Esto implica una cosecha y dispersión prudentes, ofreciendo una ventaja de supervivencia en nuevos entornos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La agricultura es clave para el éxito ecológico humano.
- Las hormigas, termitas y escarabajos cultivadores de hongos practican una agricultura avanzada.
- Los ejemplos primitivos incluyen caracoles marinos y algas y hongos de cultivo de peces dama.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la simbiosis de la agricultura primitiva en los microorganismos.
- Para demostrar el cultivo bacteriano en la ameba social Dictyostelium discoideum.
- Comprender las implicaciones evolutivas y ecológicas del cultivo microbiano.
Principales métodos:
- Observación de clones de Dictyostelium discoideum recolectados en la naturaleza.
- Análisis de la incorporación bacteriana en los cuerpos fructificadores.
- Evaluación de la dispersión bacteriana y las estrategias de siembra.
Principales resultados:
- Aproximadamente un tercio de los clones salvajes de Dictyostelium discoideum practican el cultivo bacteriano.
- Estas amebas incorporan bacterias en cuerpos fructíferos para su dispersión.
- Esta estrategia proporciona una ventaja al establecerse en entornos nuevos y escasos de bacterias.
Conclusiones:
- Dictyostelium discoideum se involucra en una simbiosis agrícola primitiva con las bacterias.
- Este comportamiento muestra una evolución convergente con la agricultura de insectos.
- Los beneficios multigeneracionales favorecen a los grupos de parientes en la simbiosis agrícola.
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