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Los cambios en el equilibrio climático del agua impulsan desplazamientos cuesta abajo en las elevaciones óptimas de

Shawn M Crimmins¹, Solomon Z Dobrowski, Jonathan A Greenberg

¹Department of Forest Management, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 22, 2011

Resumen

Las distribuciones de especies se están desplazando cuesta abajo, contrariamente a las expectativas de cambios cuesta arriba debido al calentamiento. Este estudio revela que los cambios en el equilibrio del agua, no solo la temperatura, impulsan estos sorprendentes cambios en la distribución de las plantas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología Ecología Ecología.
Cambio climático Biología Cambio climático Biología
Botánica La botánica es la botánica.

Sus antecedentes:

Las distribuciones de especies comúnmente cambian cuesta arriba con el calentamiento.
Los desplazamientos cuesta abajo generalmente se consideran anómalos y no están relacionados con el cambio climático.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los cambios de distribución altitudinal en las especies vegetales de California.
Determinar los impulsores de los cambios de elevación observados en las especies vegetales.

Principales métodos:

Distribuciones altitudinales comparadas de 64 especies de plantas desde la década de 1930 hasta la actualidad.
Se analizan los cambios en relación con la temperatura y el equilibrio climático del agua.

Principales resultados:

Demostró un cambio significativo hacia abajo en las elevaciones óptimas para las especies de plantas estudiadas.
Los desplazamientos cuesta abajo observados se explican siguiendo el equilibrio climático del agua, no la temperatura.

Conclusiones:

El cambio climático está causando desplazamientos descendentes de especies, desafiando las suposiciones anteriores.
Los cambios en la disponibilidad de agua son un factor clave que influye en la distribución altitudinal de las especies.
Los escenarios climáticos futuros que predicen una mayor disponibilidad de agua pueden conducir a nuevos desplazamientos cuesta abajo.

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