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Las bifidobacterias pueden protegerse de la infección enteropatogénica a través de la producción de acetato
Shinji Fukuda1, Hidehiro Toh, Koji Hase
1Laboratory for Epithelial Immunobiology, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
Nature
|January 29, 2011
Resumen
Ciertas cepas de Bifidobacterium protegen a los ratones de la letal infección por E. coli O157:H7 mediante la producción de acetato. Este acetato aumenta la defensa intestinal e inhibe la translocación de la toxina Shiga, ofreciendo una nueva estrategia terapéutica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La investigación del microbioma en la investigación del microbioma.
- Interacciones huésped-patógeno.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El microbioma intestinal humano, particularmente las especies de Bifidobacterium, confiere beneficios para la salud, incluida la modulación inmune y la protección contra las infecciones.
- Los mecanismos moleculares precisos detrás de estos efectos protectores siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
- La Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica O157: H7 representa una amenaza significativa para las enfermedades infecciosas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Aclarar los mecanismos moleculares por los cuales las especies de Bifidobacterium protegen contra las enfermedades infecciosas.
- Para investigar el papel de genes bacterianos específicos en la defensa del huésped contra la infección por E. coli O157: H7.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un modelo de ratón colonizado con cepas específicas de Bifidobacterium.
- Se empleó un modelo de infección letal utilizando Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica O157:H7.7.
- Enfoques multi-ómicos integrados para analizar los mecanismos moleculares.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron genes que codifican un transportador de carbohidratos de tipo cassette de unión de ATP en Bifidobacterium como cruciales para la protección contra la mortalidad inducida por E. coli O157:H7.
- Se demostró que la producción de acetato por estas bacterias es un factor clave para conferir protección.
- Muestra inhibición de la translocación de la toxina Shiga desde el lumen intestinal hasta el torrente sanguíneo.
Conclusiones:
- El acetato producido por las cepas protectoras de Bifidobacterium mejora la defensa mediada por células epiteliales intestinales.
- Este mecanismo de producción de acetato ofrece una nueva estrategia para proteger a los huéspedes contra infecciones letales.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información crítica sobre la protección mediada por el microbioma contra patógenos bacterianos.
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