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Mejora de la transferencia moderna de calor al Ártico por el agua cálida del Atlántico
Robert F Spielhagen1, Kirstin Werner, Steffen Aagaard Sørensen
1Academy of Sciences, Humanities, and Literature, 53151 Mainz, Germany. rspielhagen@ifm-geomar.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 29, 2011
Resumen
Las temperaturas del agua del Atlántico que entra en el Océano Ártico están en su nivel más alto en 2000 años. Este calentamiento sin precedentes está relacionado con la amplificación en el Ártico del calentamiento global, lo que afecta a la distribución del hielo marino.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Estudios del Ártico Estudios del Ártico
Sus antecedentes:
- El Ártico se está calentando más rápido que otras regiones a nivel mundial.
- El agua del Atlántico que fluye hacia el norte es el principal impulsor de la advección del calor del Ártico y la distribución del hielo marino.
- Los registros históricos de la variabilidad del agua del Atlántico se limitan a aproximadamente 150 años.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir un registro a escala multidecadal de las variaciones de temperatura del océano en el Ártico durante los últimos 2000 años.
- Comprender la variabilidad natural del agua del Atlántico y su influencia en el sistema climático del Ártico.
- Evaluar las tendencias recientes de la temperatura en el contexto del cambio climático a largo plazo.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de núcleos de sedimentos marinos recogidos en la costa occidental de Svalbard (79°N).
- Reconstrucción paleoceanográfica de las temperaturas oceánicas pasadas.
- Correlación de los datos de sedimentos con los registros climáticos históricos.
Principales resultados:
- Se estableció un registro de 2000 años de variaciones de temperatura del océano.
- A principios del siglo XXI, las temperaturas del agua del Atlántico que entra en el Océano Ártico se encontraron sin precedentes en el registro de 2000 años.
- La reciente tendencia al calentamiento está potencialmente relacionada con la amplificación del calentamiento global en el Ártico.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona un contexto crítico a largo plazo para comprender el cambio climático en el Ártico.
- Las temperaturas actuales de las aguas atlánticas que ingresan al Ártico son excepcionalmente altas en comparación con los últimos dos milenios.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan el impacto significativo del calentamiento global en el sistema climático ártico y el hielo marino.
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