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La sequía amazónica de 2010 La sequía amazónica de 2010

Simon L Lewis1, Paulo M Brando, Oliver L Phillips

  • 1School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. s.l.lewis@leeds.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 5, 2011
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La sequía amazónica de 2010 afectó a una mayor área que el evento de 2005, causando un estimado de 2.2 mil millones de toneladas métricas de emisiones de carbono por la muerte de los árboles. Este análisis utilizó datos satelitales de lluvia para comparar las dos sequías principales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
  • Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
  • Ecología Ecología Ecología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La Amazonia experimentó una severa sequía en 2005 y 2010.
  • La temporada seca de 2010 exhibió bajas precipitaciones generalizadas en toda la cuenca del Amazonas.
  • Las condiciones de sequía en 2010 mostraron similitudes con el significativo evento de sequía de 2005.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para comparar la extensión espacial y el impacto de las sequías amazónicas de 2005 y 2010.
  • Para estimar las emisiones de carbono resultantes de la mortalidad de los árboles inducida por la sequía en el Amazonas.
  • Para analizar las tendencias de las precipitaciones de la estación seca amazónica utilizando datos satelitales.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de una década de datos de lluvias derivados de satélites (2000-2010).
  • Cálculo de anomalías de lluvia estandarizadas para cuantificar la severidad de la sequía.
  • Extrapolación de las relaciones de respuesta a la sequía de 2005 para predecir las emisiones de carbono de 2010.

Principales resultados:

  • En 2010, el 57% de la Amazonia experimentó bajas precipitaciones de la estación seca, en comparación con el 37% en 2005.
  • Se predice que la sequía de 2010 causará 2,2 x 1015 gramos de emisiones de carbono.
  • La sequía de 2005 dio lugar a un estimado de 1,6 x 10^15 gramos de emisiones de carbono.

Conclusiones:

  • La sequía amazónica de 2010 fue más extensa que la de 2005.
  • La mortalidad de los árboles inducida por la sequía representa una fuente significativa de emisiones de carbono en la Amazonía.
  • El monitoreo continuo de las precipitaciones amazónicas y la respuesta de los bosques es crucial para comprender los impactos del cambio climático.