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Los nanotubos intercelulares median la comunicación bacteriana entre las bacterias
Gyanendra P Dubey1, Sigal Ben-Yehuda
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Cell
|February 22, 2011
Resumen
Las bacterias se comunican a través de nanotubos, transfiriendo moléculas y genes entre las células. Este método de comunicación bacteriana recién descubierto facilita la resistencia no hereditaria y la adquisición de rasgos hereditarios entre especies.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Comunicación bacteriana es la comunicación bacteriana.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las bacterias se comunican tradicionalmente a través de factores extracelulares secretados.
- Los mecanismos de la comunicación directa de célula a célula en las bacterias no se comprenden completamente.
- Comprender la interacción bacteriana es crucial para campos como la medicina y la biotecnología.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar nuevas formas de comunicación bacteriana.
- Para investigar el papel de los nanotubos en el intercambio molecular intercelular.
- Para determinar si los nanotubos facilitan la transferencia de material genético y la adquisición de rasgos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó Bacillus subtilis como un organismo modelo.
- Se visualiza la transferencia de moléculas citoplasmáticas utilizando marcadores fluorescentes.
- Empleó microscopía electrónica para identificar estructuras de nanotubos.
- Se llevaron a cabo experimentos de cocultivo con cepas resistentes a los antibióticos y plásmidos no conjugativos.
Principales resultados:
- Se confirmó la transferencia directa de moléculas citoplasmáticas entre células bacterianas adyacentes a través de nanotubos.
- Se ha demostrado la adquisición transitoria de resistencia a los antibióticos a través del intercambio molecular.
- Transferencia exhibida de plásmidos no conjugados, que confieren rasgos hereditarios.
- Se observó la formación de nanotubos entre especies entre Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus y Escherichia coli.
Conclusiones:
- Los nanotubos bacterianos representan un modo significativo y previamente no caracterizado de comunicación intercelular.
- El intercambio mediado por nanotubos facilita la rápida adaptación y la diversificación genética en las poblaciones bacterianas.
- Este mecanismo proporciona una red para el intercambio molecular y genético dentro y entre las especies bacterianas.
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