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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

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The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

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All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
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Direccionamiento de un solo giro en un aislador atómico Mott.

Christof Weitenberg1, Manuel Endres, Jacob F Sherson

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.

Nature
|March 18, 2011
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores controlan con precisión los giros atómicos individuales en las redes ópticas utilizando láseres enfocados y microondas. Este avance permite estudios detallados de la dinámica cuántica y nuevas aplicaciones de procesamiento de información cuántica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La física cuántica es la física cuántica.
  • La física atómica es la física atómica.
  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los átomos ultrafríos en las redes ópticas son clave para estudiar los sistemas cuánticos de muchos cuerpos.
  • El alto control experimental permite la investigación de las transiciones cuánticas de fase y la dinámica de espín.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Demostrar un control preciso a nivel de un solo giro dentro de una red óptica.
  • Implemente patrones de giro arbitrarios dirigiéndose a los sitios individuales de la red.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó un haz de láser bien enfocado y un campo de microondas para invertir los giros atómicos individuales.
  • Empleó un aislante Mott para crear una matriz 2D de átomos perfectamente dispuestos.
  • Se dirigió secuencialmente a sitios seleccionados de la red para crear patrones de giro arbitrarios.

Principales resultados:

  • Se logró el "spin flipping" de átomos individuales con una resolución limitada por subdifracción, por debajo del espaciado de celosía.
  • Se confirmó que el esquema de direccionamiento conserva el estado fundamental de movimiento de los átomos.
  • Se crearon con éxito patrones de giro arbitrarios en la red óptica.

Conclusiones:

  • La técnica desarrollada ofrece un control sin precedentes sobre los giros individuales en redes ópticas.
  • Permite futuras investigaciones en transporte de entropía, dinámica de impurezas de espín y procesamiento de información cuántica.
  • Abre el camino para la ingeniería de nuevas fases cuánticas de muchos cuerpos y aplicaciones de computación cuántica.