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Inmunoedición del cáncer: integración de los roles de la inmunidad en la supresión y promoción del cáncer
Robert D Schreiber1, Lloyd J Old, Mark J Smyth
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 26, 2011
Resumen
El sistema inmunológico tiene un doble papel en el cáncer, tanto suprimiendo el crecimiento tumoral como promoviendo su progresión. Esta doble función se explica por el concepto de inmunoedición del cáncer, que integra estos roles opuestos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Biología del cáncer Biología del cáncer.
- Oncología Oncología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La influencia del sistema inmunológico en el desarrollo y la progresión del cáncer es compleja y ha sido un desafío de larga data en la inmunología.
- Investigaciones recientes han iluminado los intrincados mecanismos que subyacen a esta relación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un marco conceptual unificador para comprender el doble papel del sistema inmunológico en el cáncer.
- Integrar las funciones protectoras del huésped y promotoras del tumor del sistema inmunológico en el desarrollo del cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión conceptual y síntesis de la investigación existente en inmunología del cáncer.
- Discusión del marco de trabajo de la "immunoedición del cáncer".
Principales resultados:
- El sistema inmunológico exhibe un doble papel en el cáncer: puede suprimir el crecimiento tumoral o promover la progresión tumoral.
- La progresión tumoral puede ocurrir a través de la selección inmune de las células tumorales más aptas o mediante la alteración del microambiente tumoral.
Conclusiones:
- El marco de "immunoedición del cáncer" unifica las funciones aparentemente contradictorias del sistema inmunológico en el cáncer.
- Este marco proporciona una comprensión completa de las interacciones inmunológico-huésped-tumor en el desarrollo y la progresión del cáncer.
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