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El impacto del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9 envía ondas a través de los anillos de Júpiter
Mark R Showalter1, Matthew M Hedman, Joseph A Burns
1SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. mshowalter@seti.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 2, 2011
Resumen
El anillo principal de Júpiter exhibe ondulaciones verticales, similares a las de los anillos de Saturno. Estos patrones de ondulación, originados por los impactos de Shoemaker-Levy 9, persisten durante más de una década, lo que demuestra los efectos a largo plazo de los eventos celestes en los anillos planetarios.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- Dinámica del anillo Dinámica del anillo
Sus antecedentes:
- El anillo principal de Júpiter muestra ondulaciones verticales, que reflejan los patrones observados en los anillos de Saturno.
- La nave espacial Galileo capturó imágenes de patrones de ondas superpuestas en los anillos de Júpiter en 1996 y 2000.
- Estos patrones evolucionan como espirales independientes, influenciados por el campo gravitatorio de Júpiter.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar el origen y la persistencia de las ondulaciones verticales en el anillo principal de Júpiter.
- Para investigar la conexión entre los impactos Shoemaker-Levy 9 y las perturbaciones observadas en los anillos.
- Para comprender los efectos a largo plazo de los impactos en las estructuras de anillos planetarios.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de imágenes de las naves espaciales Galileo y New Horizons.
- Modelado de la propagación de ondas espirales dentro del sistema de anillos de Júpiter.
- Correlación de la sincronización de las perturbaciones de los anillos con los eventos de impacto celeste conocidos.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron dos patrones de ondulación independientes, que se enrollan a tasas dictadas por la gravedad de Júpiter.
- Un patrón dominante, originado por una inclinación de anillo de 2 kilómetros entre julio y octubre de 1994, está vinculado a los impactos Shoemaker-Levy 9.
- Estos patrones inducidos por el impacto se mantuvieron detectables en las imágenes de New Horizons 13 años después.
Conclusiones:
- Los impactos del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9 alteraron significativamente el anillo principal de Júpiter, creando patrones de ondulación persistentes.
- Los sistemas de anillos planetarios son dinámicos y registran eventos de impacto durante décadas.
- Los impactos de cometas y corrientes de polvo son comunes y dejan firmas duraderas en los anillos planetarios.
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