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Diferencias en la tolerancia térmica entre las poblaciones de salmón sockeye
Erika J Eliason1, Timothy D Clark, Merran J Hague
1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4. eliason@zoology.ubc.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 2, 2011
Resumen
El aumento de las temperaturas de los ríos debido al cambio climático afecta a la migración del salmón sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka). Las adaptaciones locales en la fisiología de los peces, particularmente la función cardiorrespiratoria, influyen en su supervivencia en aguas históricamente más cálidas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El cambio climático está aumentando las temperaturas de los ríos, lo que lleva a una mayor mortalidad en la migración de salmones adultos sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka).
- Las poblaciones de salmón sockeye exhiben variaciones en sus respuestas fisiológicas a los factores estresantes ambientales durante la migración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las variaciones a nivel de población en la fisiología cardiorrespiratoria entre el salmón sockeye del río Fraser.
- Para determinar si estas diferencias fisiológicas se correlacionan con las condiciones ambientales históricas y la tolerancia térmica.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de la fisiología cardiorrespiratoria (alcance aeróbico, tamaño del corazón, suministro coronario) en diferentes poblaciones de salmón sockeye.
- Correlación de los rasgos fisiológicos con los datos históricos de temperatura de los ríos.
Principales resultados:
- Las poblaciones de salmón sockeye de entornos históricos más desafiantes y cálidos mostraron un alcance aeróbico superior, corazones más grandes y un suministro coronario mejorado.
- Óptimas térmicas para ámbitos fisiológicos alineados con los rangos de temperatura históricos experimentados por cada población.
- La evidencia sugiere una adaptación fisiológica a escala local en las poblaciones de salmón sockeye.
Conclusiones:
- El salmón sockeye exhibe adaptaciones fisiológicas específicas de la población a las condiciones térmicas locales, lo que indica una adaptación a una escala geográfica fina.
- Las limitaciones fisiológicas, potencialmente el colapso cardíaco a altas temperaturas, pueden definir límites de tolerancia térmica específicos de la población.
- Comprender estas adaptaciones es crucial para predecir la resiliencia del salmón sockeye al cambio climático.
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