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Hacer frente al caos: cómo los contextos desordenados promueven los estereotipos y la discriminación
Diederik A Stapel1, Siegwart Lindenberg
1Tilburg Institute for Behavioral Economics Research, Tilburg University, Post Office Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands. d.a.stapel@uvt.nl
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 9, 2011
Resumen
El desorden ambiental, como la basura callejera, aumenta los estereotipos y la discriminación. Una mayor necesidad de estructura media este efecto, impactando las interacciones en el mundo real y la calidad de vida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social Psicología social.
- Psicología ambiental Psicología ambiental.
- Los estudios urbanos son estudios de las ciudades.
Sus antecedentes:
- La discriminación tiene graves impactos negativos en la salud y la calidad de vida.
- La influencia del entorno físico en los comportamientos sociales como la discriminación es poco explorada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los trastornos ambientales influyen en los estereotipos y la discriminación.
- Identificar los mecanismos psicológicos, específicamente la necesidad de estructura, que median estos efectos.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos de campo para observar el comportamiento en contextos desordenados del mundo real.
- Se utilizaron tres experimentos de laboratorio para examinar el papel mediador de la necesidad de estructura.
- El número de participantes varió de 40 a 70 por experimento.
Principales resultados:
- Se demostró que los contextos ambientales desordenados, como la basura y los espacios públicos descuidados, promueven los estereotipos y la discriminación.
- Se identificó una mayor necesidad de estructura como el factor mediador de estos efectos.
Conclusiones:
- El entorno físico impacta significativamente la cognición y el comportamiento social, incluidos los estereotipos y la discriminación.
- El diagnóstico temprano y la intervención para el trastorno ambiental son cruciales para mitigar las consecuencias sociales negativas.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la planificación urbana y las políticas públicas destinadas a reducir la discriminación.
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