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Published on: September 7, 2013
El melanismo industrial en las polillas pimentadas británicas tiene un origen mutacional singular y reciente
Arjen E van't Hof1, Nicola Edmonds, Martina Dalíková
1Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Resumen
La base genética para la polilla pimienta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Genética La genética.
- Entomología Entomología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La polilla pimienta (Biston betularia) proporciona un ejemplo clásico de selección natural.
- La rápida propagación de la morfa carbonaria oscura en la Gran Bretaña del siglo XIX demostró la influencia ambiental en la adaptación.
- Los fundamentos genéticos específicos de esta variación de color permanecieron sin identificar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar la mutación genética responsable de la morfología de las carbonarias en las polillas pimentadas.
- Comprender la base genética de la rápida adaptación morfológica en respuesta al cambio ambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Cartografía genética de las carbonarias morph.
- Comparación de la región mapeada con segmentos de cromosomas de gusanos de seda.
- Análisis de variantes de secuencia dentro de la región genética identificada.
Principales resultados:
- La morfología de la carbonaria fue mapeada genéticamente en una región de 200 kilobases.
- Esta región es ortológica a un segmento del cromosoma 17 del gusano de seda.
- Se identificó una variante de secuencia de un solo núcleo asociada con la morfología carbonaria, que muestra una fuerte selección reciente.
Conclusiones:
- Se ha aclarado la base genética de la morfología carbonaria de la polilla pimienta.
- La región identificada contiene una variante genética clave que impulsa una rápida adaptación.
- Esta región puede albergar reguladores basales de patrones de color conservados en Lepidoptera.
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