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Muerte fetal: ¿cómo pueden los sistemas de salud atender a madres y bebés?
Robert Pattinson1, Kate Kerber, Eckhart Buchmann
1Medical Research Council Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. robert.pattinson@up.ac.za
Lancet (London, England)
|April 19, 2011
Resumen
La ampliación de la atención materna y neonatal, incluida la atención obstétrica de emergencia y el tratamiento de la sífilis, puede reducir significativamente los nacimientos muertos, las muertes maternas y las muertes neonatales en países de alta mortalidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- Obstetricia y Ginecología.
- Política de salud pública Política de salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los nacimientos muertos, las muertes maternas y las muertes neonatales comparten causas comunes y requieren estrategias de prevención integradas.
- Las intervenciones a nivel del sistema de salud son cruciales para reducir la mortalidad perinatal y materna.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto y la rentabilidad de ampliar las intervenciones para la prevención de la muerte fetal.
- Identificar las intervenciones clave para reducir la mortalidad materna y neonatal en entornos de alta carga.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las intervenciones a nivel del sistema de salud centradas en la atención obstétrica de emergencia, la detección y el tratamiento de la sífilis y la atención prenatal avanzada.
- Modelado del impacto potencial de una cobertura de intervención del 99% en 68 países prioritarios.
Principales resultados:
- La atención obstétrica de emergencia ofrece el mayor impacto en la reducción de mortinatos, muertes maternas y neonatales en países de alta mortalidad.
- La detección y el tratamiento de la sífilis es una intervención rentable con un impacto moderado.
- Las intervenciones avanzadas de atención prenatal reducen la mortalidad, pero conllevan costos más altos.
Conclusiones:
- Los paquetes de entrega de servicios integrados y personalizados son esenciales para una implementación efectiva.
- Alcanzar una cobertura del 99% de las intervenciones clave podría salvar más de 1,1 millones de mortinatos en el tercer trimestre y 1,6 millones de muertes maternas y neonatales anualmente.
- El costo adicional estimado es de aproximadamente $ 10.9 mil millones, o $ 2.32 por persona, lo que representa una inversión rentable en la salud materna e infantil global.
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