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Natimortos: la visión para el 2020
Robert L Goldenberg1, Elizabeth M McClure, Zulfiqar A Bhutta
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. rgoldenb@drexelmed.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|April 19, 2011
Resumen
La muerte fetal es un importante problema de salud mundial, con millones de muertes al nacer en el tercer trimestre que se pueden prevenir anualmente, principalmente en países de bajos ingresos. El aumento del reconocimiento, la recopilación de datos y la inversión en investigación son cruciales para la mejora de la salud materna y neonatal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Salud materna y neonatal.
- Disparidades en la salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- La muerte fetal afecta a casi 3 millones de embarazos en el tercer trimestre en todo el mundo cada año, y el 98% ocurre en países de ingresos bajos y medios.
- Más de 1 millón de mortinatos ocurren durante el período intraparto, destacando las causas prevenibles dentro de los sistemas de atención materna y neonatal.
- A pesar de su prevalencia, la muerte fetal sigue siendo poco reconocida como una preocupación de salud pública con informes de datos limitados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Abogar por la inclusión de la muerte fetal en los informes e iniciativas internacionales de salud.
- Instar a los países a desarrollar e implementar planes para la salud materna y neonatal que prioricen la reducción de la muerte fetal.
- Solicitar un aumento de la inversión en la investigación del nacimiento de bebés muertos, especialmente en los países de ingresos bajos y medios.
Principales métodos:
- La promoción de políticas para el reconocimiento de la muerte fetal en las agendas mundiales de salud.
- Recomendaciones para las estrategias nacionales de salud materna y neonatal.
- Llamar a mejorar las estadísticas vitales y los sistemas de vigilancia de los nacidos muertos.
Principales resultados:
- La muerte fetal es un resultado adverso significativo, pero no informado, del embarazo.
- Una proporción sustancial de mortinatos es evitable, especialmente en entornos con recursos limitados.
- Los actuales marcos internacionales de salud no abordan adecuadamente los nacimientos de bebés muertos.
Conclusiones:
- La muerte fetal debe ser reconocida como un problema crítico de salud pública que requiere atención global inmediata.
- Los enfoques integrados que se centran en la salud materna y neonatal, junto con una sólida recopilación de datos, son esenciales para la prevención de la muerte fetal.
- Los esfuerzos de colaboración y el aumento de la financiación de la investigación son vitales para hacer frente a la epidemia de mortinatos.
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