Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
09:47
A Standardized Procedure for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms in Chile by Metabarcoding Analysis
Published on: August 26, 2021
El 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule megathrust terremoto en el centro de Chile, monitoreado por GPS
1Laboratoire de Géologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS 8538, Paris, France. vigny@biotite.ens.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 30, 2011
Resumen
El terremoto de Maule de 2010 causó una deformación significativa de la corteza, con un deslizamiento concentrado en las asperidades de las fallas y extendiéndose a profundidades poco profundas. El deslizamiento posterior ocurrió donde el deslizamiento cosisismo era bajo, lo que indica una dinámica de ruptura compleja.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Sismología Sismología Sismología.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los grandes terremotos generan deformaciones de la corteza que se pueden medir mediante técnicas geodésicas.
- Comprender la distribución del deslizamiento de fallas es crucial para la evaluación del peligro sísmico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para inferir la deformación estática y la cinemática del mega terremoto de Maule de 2010 Mw 8.8 usando datos de GPS.
- Para determinar la distribución de deslizamiento y las características de ruptura del terremoto de Maule.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de la red del Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (GPS) del centro de Chile.
- Aplicó el modelado elástico para inferir el deslizamiento y la deformación de fallas.
- Reubicaron el hipocentro del terremoto utilizando datos de baja frecuencia.
Principales resultados:
- La ruptura se extendió aproximadamente 500 km con un desliz hasta 15 metros, concentrada en dos asperidades.
- La ruptura alcanzó profundidades poco profundas, extendiéndose potencialmente a la zanja.
- El deslizamiento posterior se observó en áreas con bajo deslizamiento coseísmico; el hipocentro se reubicó a 40 km SW.
Conclusiones:
- El terremoto de Maule exhibió un comportamiento de ruptura complejo con deslizamiento poco profundo y resbalones posteriores significativos.
- La ruptura se propagó bilateralmente a ~3.1 km/s, lo que sugiere una comprensión detallada de la dinámica de los terremotos de megatrust.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:15Orders of Magnitude
The order of magnitude of a number is the power of 10 that most closely approximates it. Thus, the order of magnitude estimates the scale (or size) of its value. To find the order of magnitude of a number, take the base-10 logarithm of the number and round it to the nearest integer. Then the order of magnitude of the number is simply the resulting power of 10.
The order of magnitude is simply a way of rounding numbers consistently to the nearest power of 10. This makes doing rough mental math...
The order of magnitude is simply a way of rounding numbers consistently to the nearest power of 10. This makes doing rough mental math...
01:21Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth
According to Newton's law of gravitation, the gravitational force on a body is proportional to its mass. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration produced by an external force is inversely proportional to the force. Hence, the acceleration of an object under an external force of gravitation is independent of its mass.
The acceleration of an object close to the Earth, because of the Earth's gravitational pull, is called the acceleration due to gravity. It is always directed...
The acceleration of an object close to the Earth, because of the Earth's gravitational pull, is called the acceleration due to gravity. It is always directed...
00:55Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth
Newton's second law is closely related to his first law of motion. It mathematically gives the cause-and-effect relationship between force and changes in motion. Newton's second law is quantitative and is used extensively to calculate what happens in situations involving a force. All external forces acting on a system add together to produce a net force Fnet. A larger net external force produces a larger acceleration. This acceleration is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as,...
01:12Measuring Acceleration Due to Gravity
Consider a coffee mug hanging on a hook in a pantry. If the mug gets knocked, it oscillates back and forth like a pendulum until the oscillations die out.
A simple pendulum can be described as a point mass and a string. Meanwhile, a physical pendulum is any object whose oscillations are similar to a simple pendulum, but cannot be modeled as a point mass on a string because its mass is distributed over a larger area. The behavior of a physical pendulum can be modeled using the principles of...
A simple pendulum can be described as a point mass and a string. Meanwhile, a physical pendulum is any object whose oscillations are similar to a simple pendulum, but cannot be modeled as a point mass on a string because its mass is distributed over a larger area. The behavior of a physical pendulum can be modeled using the principles of...
01:28Geoid and Ellipsoid
The Earth's shape is best described as an ellipsoid, a slightly flattened sphere created by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. This flattening results in the polar axis being about 21 kilometers shorter than the equatorial axis. In contrast, the geoid represents the Earth's gravitational shape and aligns with the mean sea level (MSL). The geoid is an irregular equipotential surface where gravity is perpendicular at every point. Variations in Earth's mass distribution cause geoid...
01:20Variation in Acceleration due to Gravity near the Earth's Surface
An object's apparent weight is its weight measured by a spring balance at its location. It is different from its true weight, the force with which the Earth pulls it, because of the Earth's rotation. Mathematically, an object's apparent weight equals its true weight minus the centripetal force that keeps it in a circular motion along with the Earth's surface every 24 hours.
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's angular speed. Since the...
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's angular speed. Since the...