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Innovación en el diseño corporal de los saltamontes a través de la evolución de un apéndice extra parecido a un ala
Benjamin Prud'homme1, Caroline Minervino, Mélanie Hocine
1Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille-Luminy, CNRS UMR 6216, case 907, Parc scientifique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France. benjamin.prudhomme@univmed.fr
Nature
|May 6, 2011
Resumen
El saltamontes de los árboles.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo evolutivo Biología del desarrollo evolutivo
- Morfología animal La morfología animal.
- Evolución de los insectos en la evolución.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los planes corporales de los animales evolucionan a través de la reducción o pérdida de apéndices.
- La adición de nuevas características es rara y poco conocida.
- La evolución de los insectos muestra restricciones en la evolución de los apéndices.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el origen evolutivo del "casco" único del saltamontes.
- Determinar si el casco representa un nuevo apéndice.
- Comprender los factores genéticos y funcionales que permiten esta innovación evolutiva.
Principales métodos:
- Morfología comparativa y morfología comparativa.
- El análisis filogenético.
- Investigación de la familia de genes Hox.
- Análisis de restricciones funcionales Análisis de restricciones funcionales
Principales resultados:
- El casco treehopper es un apéndice novedoso, un homólogo en serie de ala.
- Evolucionó superando la represión del gen Hox ancestral de la formación de alas.
- La diversificación del casco fue facilitada por su ausencia de restricciones funcionales relacionadas con el vuelo.
Conclusiones:
- Las estructuras morfológicas complejas pueden surgir de los potenciales de desarrollo ancestrales.
- La regulación del gen Hox y la liberación funcional son claves para la innovación de apéndices.
- Este estudio proporciona un ejemplo sin precedentes de la evolución de nuevos apéndices en los insectos.
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