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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Un módulo dependiente de las hormonas que regula el equilibrio energético.

Biao Wang1, Noel Moya, Sherry Niessen

  • 1Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

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|May 14, 2011
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los científicos descubrieron una nueva vía regulada por hormonas que involucra a SIK3 y HDAC4 que controla el equilibrio energético en las moscas durante el ayuno. Esta vía funciona junto con la vía SIRT1 para controlar el metabolismo de las grasas y la glucosa.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Regulación del metabolismo.
  • La endocrinología molecular.
  • La genética de las Drosophila.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los metazoos cambian a quemar grasa durante el ayuno para mantener el equilibrio energético.
  • SIRT1 desacetila FOXO para promover la expresión génica catabólica bajo estrés y privación de nutrientes.
  • La regulación hormonal de la desacetilación de FOXO no se entiende completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar los mecanismos por los cuales las señales hormonales regulan la desacetilación de FOXO.
  • Para aclarar el papel de un módulo dependiente de las hormonas en el equilibrio energético.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó Drosophila melanogaster como organismo modelo.
  • Investigó las funciones de la Ser/Thr quinasa SIK3 y la desacetilasa de clase IIa HDAC4.4.
  • Se analizó la actividad FOXO, la fosforilación y la localización subcelular.
  • Se evaluó la sensibilidad a la inanición de la mosca y la acumulación de lípidos.

Principales resultados:

  • Identificó SIK3 y HDAC4 como un módulo dependiente de las hormonas que regula la actividad FOXO.
  • Los fosforilatos SIK3 y los secuestradores HDAC4 en el citoplasma durante la alimentación (estimulados con insulina).
  • La inactivación de SIK3 durante el ayuno conduce a la translocación nuclear de HDAC4 y la desacetilación de FOXO.
  • Las moscas mutantes SIK3 exhiben sensibilidad al hambre debido a la lipólisis dependiente de FOXO.
  • La reducción de la expresión de HDAC4 restauró la acumulación de lípidos en las moscas mutantes SIK3.

Conclusiones:

  • Una nueva vía regulada por hormonas que involucra a SIK3 y HDAC4 controla la actividad FOXO y el equilibrio energético.
  • Esta vía funciona en paralelo con la vía SIRT1.
  • Los hallazgos proporcionan información sobre la adaptación metabólica durante el ayuno.