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Formación de enlaces C-C catalizados por plata entre el metano y el diazoacetato de etilo en CO2 supercrítico

Ana Caballero¹, Emmanuelle Despagnet-Ayoub, M Mar Díaz-Requejo

¹Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los Materiales, Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, 21007-Huelva, Spain.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 14, 2011

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo catalizador de plata para la funcionalización del metano. Usando dióxido de carbono supercrítico, lograron un rendimiento del 19% de propionato de etilo a partir de metano y diazoacetato de etilo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química organometálica Química orgánica de los metales.
La catálisis es la catálisis.
Química verde es la química verde.

Sus antecedentes:

Los hidrocarburos, particularmente el metano, son difíciles de funcionalizar selectivamente debido a su estabilidad.
El desarrollo de sistemas catalíticos eficientes para la activación de enlaces C-H es un objetivo importante en química.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar sobre un nuevo sistema catalítico para la funcionalización selectiva del metano.
Investigar el uso de dióxido de carbono supercrítico como medio de reacción.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó complejos de plata con ligandos perfluorados de indazolilborato.
Se emplea dióxido de carbono supercrítico (scCO(2)) como disolvente para la reacción entre el metano (CH(4) y el diazoacetato de etilo (N(2) CHCO(2) Et).

Principales resultados:

Se ha logrado la conversión catalítica del metano en propionato de etilo (CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 Et).
Las condiciones optimizadas produjeron un 19% de propionato de etilo basado en el diazoestero.
La reacción continuó a 40°C durante 14 horas.

Conclusiones:

Demostró la viabilidad de la funcionalización selectiva del metano utilizando un catalizador de plata.
Destacó el papel crucial del dióxido de carbono supercrítico para permitir esta transformación.
La limitada solubilidad del catalizador en la mezcla de reacción se superó a través de condiciones optimizadas.

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