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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
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Overview
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...

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Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
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Published on: June 28, 2014

La flexibilidad conformal del ADN.

Andriy Marko1, Vasyl Denysenkov, Dominik Margraf

  • 1Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Resumen

La doble resonancia pulsada de electrones y electrones (PELDOR) revela la flexibilidad del ADN de doble cadena (ds-ADN). El estiramiento del ds-ADN induce un acoplamiento cooperativo de torsión y estiramiento, reduciendo ligeramente el radio de la hélice.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La biofísica es la biofísica.
  • Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
  • La dinámica molecular es la dinámica molecular.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La flexibilidad conformacional es crucial para la función del ADN.
  • La comprensión de la dinámica del ADN requiere técnicas espectroscópicas avanzadas.
  • Los modelos existentes para la dinámica del ADN necesitan validación experimental.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la flexibilidad conformacional del ADN helicoidal utilizando PELDOR.
  • Para determinar la flexibilidad de estiramiento, torsión y flexión del ds-ADN.
  • Para diferenciar entre varios modelos de dinámica del ADN.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó la espectroscopia de doble resonancia pulsada de electrones y electrones (PELDOR).
  • Incorporó dos etiquetas rígidas de espín de nitróxido en 20 duplexos de ADN de pares de bases.
  • Realizó experimentos PELDOR de orientación selectiva en banda X y banda G (distancias de 2 a 4 nm).

Principales resultados:

  • Los datos experimentales se alinean con un modelo dinámico para ds-DNA.
  • El estiramiento del ds-ADN se combina con una torsión.
  • Este acoplamiento cooperativo de torsión-estiramiento reduce ligeramente el radio de la hélice.

Conclusiones:

  • PELDOR es eficaz para sondear la dinámica del ADN.
  • Un mecanismo cooperativo de acoplamiento torsión-estiramiento gobierna la respuesta del ADN-ds al estiramiento.
  • Los hallazgos refinan nuestra comprensión de la dinámica estructural del ADN.