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Tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio agudo
Christopher L Wu1, Srinivasa N Raja
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. chwu@jhmi.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|June 28, 2011
Resumen
Una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos del dolor ha avanzado en el control del dolor postoperatorio. Las nuevas terapias, incluida la analgesia regional y los nuevos agentes, ofrecen mejores resultados a los pacientes para el manejo del dolor agudo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación del dolor y anestesiología.
- Farmacología y biología molecular.
- Cuidado del paciente quirúrgico.
Sus antecedentes:
- El manejo del dolor postoperatorio ha mejorado, pero los desafíos permanecen.
- Cada vez se comprenden más los mecanismos de la nocicepción.
- La hiperalgesia inducida por opiáceos y el dolor persistente son preocupaciones significativas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los avances en la comprensión de los mecanismos del dolor.
- Explorar nuevos enfoques terapéuticos para el dolor postoperatorio agudo.
- Discutir el papel de la analgesia regional y los nuevos agentes farmacológicos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura de los avances recientes en la investigación del dolor.
- Análisis de las técnicas y agentes analgésicos emergentes.
- Examen de las modalidades de tratamiento para el dolor postoperatorio agudo.
Principales resultados:
- La comprensión de la nocicepción ha estimulado la investigación de la terapia basada en genes.
- La analgesia regional es prometedora para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
- Se están desarrollando nuevos analgésicos y regímenes de tratamiento.
Conclusiones:
- Los avances en la ciencia del dolor ofrecen nuevas vías para el manejo del dolor postoperatorio.
- Los enfoques multimodales, incluidas las técnicas regionales y los nuevos medicamentos, son clave.
- La investigación continua es vital para optimizar el control del dolor agudo y la recuperación del paciente.
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