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Un gran y persistente sumidero de carbono en los bosques del mundo
Yude Pan1, Richard A Birdsey, Jingyun Fang
1U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA. ypan@fs.fed.us
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 19, 2011
Resumen
Los bosques globales actúan como un sumidero significativo de carbono, absorbiendo 2,4 petagramos de carbono al año. A pesar de las incertidumbres, este sumidero de carbono forestal juega un papel crucial en la mitigación de los niveles de dióxido de carbono atmosférico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Ciencias del sistema terrestre Ciencias del sistema terrestre
- * Ecología Forestal Ecología Forestal
- * Ciclos biogeoquímicos * Ciclos biogeoquímicos
Sus antecedentes:
- * La magnitud y la distribución geográfica del sumidero de carbono terrestre son inciertas.
- * Los bosques son componentes críticos del ciclo global del carbono.
- * En las últimas décadas, los ecosistemas terrestres han secuestrado sustancialmente el carbono.
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Para cuantificar el sumidero de carbono global de los bosques desde 1990 hasta 2007.
- * Para evaluar el impacto del cambio de uso de la tierra tropical en los flujos de carbono.
- * Para determinar el sumidero de carbono forestal global neto, teniendo en cuenta las emisiones y el secuestro.
Principales métodos:
- * Se utilizaron los datos del inventario forestal para la estimación del sumidero global.
- * Incorpora estudios de carbono de ecosistemas a largo plazo.
- * Emisiones cuantificadas de deforestación tropical y sumideros de regeneración forestal.
Principales resultados:
- * Se estima un sumidero forestal global total estimado de 2,4 ± 0,4 petagramos de carbono por año (Pg C año ((-1)).
- * Se identificó una fuente tropical de cambio en el uso de la tierra de 1,3 ± 0,7 Pg C al año ((-1).
- * Calculado un sumidero forestal global neto de 1.1 ± 0.8 Pg C año ((-1), con una alta incertidumbre en las regiones tropicales.
Conclusiones:
- * El sumidero global de carbono de los bosques es sustancial, comparable con otros componentes importantes del ciclo del carbono.
- * La deforestación tropical representa una importante fuente de carbono, parcialmente compensada por el crecimiento de los bosques.
- * Las incertidumbres en los flujos de carbono tropicales resaltan la necesidad de mejorar el monitoreo y la investigación.
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