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optix impulsa la evolución convergente repetida del modelo de ala de mariposa mimetizada por el mimetismo
Robert D Reed1, Riccardo Papa, Arnaud Martin
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. rreed@uci.edu
Resumen
El mimetismo en las mariposas Heliconius está impulsado por el gen optix. Este único gen.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Genética La genética.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- El mimetismo, donde diferentes especies evolucionan señales de advertencia similares, es un ejemplo clave de evolución convergente.
- La base genética de la evolución del fenotipo mimético y los genes que impulsan la convergencia siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar los genes que subyacen a la evolución de los patrones de alas miméticas en las mariposas Heliconius.
- Investigar hasta qué punto los mismos genes impulsan la evolución convergente entre especies.
Principales métodos:
- El mapeo genético para localizar los genes responsables.
- Análisis de la expresión génica para comprender la actividad génica.
- Genética de poblaciones para estudiar la variación genética dentro y entre especies.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un solo gen, optix, como responsable de la variación significativa del patrón de ala roja en múltiples especies de Heliconius.
- La evolución cis-reguladora del gen optix impulsa la convergencia repetida de complejos patrones de color.
Conclusiones:
- La evolución cis-reguladora de un solo factor de transcripción (optix) puede conducir repetidamente la evolución convergente de complejos patrones de color.
- Este hallazgo difumina las líneas entre la convergencia y la homología en la evolución de los fenotipos miméticos.
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