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La muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte en la población general
Eloi Marijon1, Muriel Tafflet, David S Celermajer
1Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, INSERM U970, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris CEDEX 15, France. eloi_marijon@yahoo.fr
Circulation
|July 27, 2011
Resumen
La muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte es más común en la población general de lo que se pensaba anteriormente. La pronta reanimación cardiopulmonar y la desfibrilación de los espectadores mejoran significativamente las tasas de supervivencia para estos eventos trágicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Medicina Deportiva Medicina Deportiva es una especialidad de la medicina deportiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Existen datos limitados sobre la muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte en la población general, a diferencia de los jóvenes atletas competitivos.
- Evaluar la prevalencia, las características y los resultados es crucial para la salud pública.
- Las investigaciones anteriores se centraron principalmente en atletas jóvenes de élite.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la incidencia y las características de la muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte en la población general.
- Para identificar los predictores de supervivencia para la muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte.
- Informar las estrategias de salud pública y la planificación de respuesta a emergencias.
Principales métodos:
- Una encuesta nacional prospectiva en Francia (2005-2010) que cubre las edades de 10 a 75 años.
- Detección de casos a través de servicios de ambulancia y detección de medios de comunicación para la muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte y el paro cardíaco.
- Análisis estadístico para identificar predictores de la supervivencia.
Principales resultados:
- La incidencia de muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte fue de 4,6 casos por millón de habitantes al año.
- Más del 90% de los casos se produjeron durante los deportes recreativos, con una edad media de 46 años.
- La reanimación cardiopulmonar y la desfibrilación fueron predictores clave de la supervivencia (tasa de supervivencia del 15,7%).
Conclusiones:
- La muerte súbita relacionada con el deporte es más frecuente en la población general de lo que se estimaba anteriormente.
- A pesar de los eventos presenciados, las tasas de reanimación cardiopulmonar de los espectadores fueron bajas (30,7%).
- La mejora de la supervivencia está vinculada a intervenciones rápidas, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de planificación y concienciación en salud pública.
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